/*
 * Copyright (c) 2017, 2019 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package io.helidon.webserver;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.function.BooleanSupplier;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import io.helidon.common.http.DataChunk;
import io.helidon.common.http.Http;
import io.helidon.common.reactive.Flow;

import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpContent;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultLastHttpContent;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderNames;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderValues;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpUtil;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.LastHttpContent;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.Future;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GenericFutureListener;

import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.valueOf;
import static io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1;

/**
 * The BareResponseImpl.
 */
class BareResponseImpl implements BareResponse {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(BareResponseImpl.class.getName());

    // See HttpConversionUtil.ExtensionHeaderNames
    private static final String HTTP_2_HEADER_PREFIX = "x-http2";
    private static final SocketClosedException CLOSED = new SocketClosedException("Response channel is closed!");
    private static final LastHttpContent LAST_HTTP_CONTENT = new DefaultLastHttpContent(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER);

    private final boolean keepAlive;
    private final ChannelHandlerContext ctx;
    private final AtomicBoolean statusHeadersSent = new AtomicBoolean(false);
    private final AtomicBoolean internallyClosed = new AtomicBoolean(false);
    private final CompletableFuture<BareResponse> responseFuture;
    private final CompletableFuture<BareResponse> headersFuture;
    private final BooleanSupplier requestContentConsumed;
    private final Thread thread;
    private final long requestId;
    private final HttpHeaders requestHeaders;
    private final ChannelFuture channelClosedFuture;
    private final GenericFutureListener<? extends Future<? super Void>> channelClosedListener;

    private volatile Flow.Subscription subscription;
    private volatile DataChunk firstChunk;
    private volatile DefaultHttpResponse response;
    private volatile boolean lengthOptimization;

    /**
     * @param ctx the channel handler context
     * @param request the request
     * @param requestContentConsumed whether the request content is consumed
     * @param thread the outbound event loop thread which will be used to write the response
     * @param requestId the correlation ID that is added to the log statements
     */
    BareResponseImpl(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
                     HttpRequest request,
                     BooleanSupplier requestContentConsumed,
                     Thread thread,
                     long requestId) {
        this.requestContentConsumed = requestContentConsumed;
        this.thread = thread;
        this.responseFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
        this.headersFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
        this.ctx = ctx;
        this.requestId = requestId;
        this.keepAlive = HttpUtil.isKeepAlive(request);
        this.requestHeaders = request.headers();

        // We need to keep this listener so we can remove it when this response completes. If we don't, we leak
        // while the channel remains open since each response adds a new listener that references 'this'.
        // Use fields to avoid capturing lambdas.

        this.channelClosedListener = this::channelClosed;
        this.channelClosedFuture = ctx.channel().closeFuture();

        // to make this work, when programmatically closing the channel the responseFuture must be closed first!
        channelClosedFuture.addListener(channelClosedListener);

        responseFuture.whenComplete(this::responseComplete);
    }

    private void responseComplete(BareResponse self, Throwable throwable) {
        if (throwable == null) {
            headersFuture.complete(this);
        } else {
            headersFuture.completeExceptionally(throwable);
        }
        channelClosedFuture.removeListener(channelClosedListener);
    }

    private void channelClosed(Future<? super Void> future) {
        responseFuture.completeExceptionally(CLOSED);
    }

    @Override
    public void writeStatusAndHeaders(Http.ResponseStatus status, Map<String, List<String>> headers) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(status, "Parameter 'statusCode' was null!");
        if (!statusHeadersSent.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Status and headers were already sent");
        }

        response = new DefaultHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, valueOf(status.code()));
        for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> headerEntry : headers.entrySet()) {
            response.headers().add(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
        }

        // Copy HTTP/2 headers to response for correlation (streamId)
        requestHeaders.names().stream()
                .filter(header -> header.startsWith(HTTP_2_HEADER_PREFIX))
                .forEach(header -> response.headers().add(header, requestHeaders.get(header)));

        // Set chunked if length not set, may switch to length later
        boolean lengthSet = HttpUtil.isContentLengthSet(response);
        if (!lengthSet) {
            lengthOptimization = status.code() == Http.Status.OK_200.code()
                    && !HttpUtil.isTransferEncodingChunked(response);
            HttpUtil.setTransferEncodingChunked(response, true);
        }

        // Add keep alive header as per:
        // http://www.w3.org/Protocols/HTTP/1.1/draft-ietf-http-v11-spec-01.html#Connection
        if (keepAlive) {
            response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONNECTION, HttpHeaderValues.KEEP_ALIVE);
        }

        // Content length optimization attempt
        if (!lengthOptimization) {
            LOGGER.finest(() -> log("Writing headers: " + status));
            initWriteResponse();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Completes {@code responseFuture} instance to signal that this response is done.
     * <b>Prefer to use {@link #completeInternal(Throwable)} to cover whole completion process.</b>
     *
     * @param throwable if {@code not-null} then this response is completed exceptionally.
     */
    private void completeResponseFuture(Throwable throwable) {
        if (throwable == null) {
            responseFuture.complete(this);
        } else {
            LOGGER.log(Level.FINER, throwable, () -> log("Response completion failed!"));
            responseFuture.completeExceptionally(throwable);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Completes this response. No other data are send to the client when response is completed. All caches are flushed.
     *
     * @param throwable if {@code not-null} then this response is completed exceptionally.
     */
    private void completeInternal(Throwable throwable) {
        if (!internallyClosed.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
            // if already closed, as the contract specifies, don't fail
            completeResponseFuture(throwable);
            return;
        }

        if (keepAlive) {
            LOGGER.finest(() -> log("Writing an empty last http content; keep-alive: true"));

            writeLastContent(throwable, ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE_ON_FAILURE);

            if (!requestContentConsumed.getAsBoolean()) {
                // the request content wasn't read, close the connection once the content is fully written.
                LOGGER.finer(() -> log("Request content not fully read; trying to keep the connection; keep-alive: true"));

                // if content is not consumed, we need to trigger next chunk read in order to not get stuck forever; the
                // connection will be closed in the ForwardingHandler in case there is more than just small amount of data
                ctx.channel().read();
            }

        } else {

            LOGGER.finest(() -> log("Closing with an empty buffer; keep-alive: " + keepAlive));

            writeLastContent(throwable, ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Write last HTTP content. If length optimization is active and a first chunk is cached,
     * switch content encoding and write response.
     *
     * @param throwable A throwable.
     * @param closeAction Close action listener.
     */
    private void writeLastContent(final Throwable throwable, final ChannelFutureListener closeAction) {
        if (lengthOptimization) {
            if (firstChunk != null) {
                HttpUtil.setTransferEncodingChunked(response, false);
                HttpUtil.setContentLength(response, firstChunk.data().remaining());
            }
            initWriteResponse();
        }
        ctx.writeAndFlush(LAST_HTTP_CONTENT)
                .addListener(completeOnFailureListener("An exception occurred when writing last http content."))
                .addListener(completeOnSuccessListener(throwable))
                .addListener(closeAction);
    }

    private GenericFutureListener<Future<? super Void>> completeOnFailureListener(String message) {
        return future -> {
            if (!future.isSuccess()) {
                completeResponseFuture(new IllegalStateException(message, future.cause()));
            }
        };
    }

    private GenericFutureListener<Future<? super Void>> completeOnSuccessListener(Throwable throwable) {
        return future -> {
            if (future.isSuccess()) {
                completeResponseFuture(throwable);
                LOGGER.finest(() -> log("Last http message flushed."));
            }
        };
    }

    @Override
    public void onSubscribe(Flow.Subscription subscription) {
        this.subscription = subscription;
        subscription.request(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    }

    @Override
    public void onNext(DataChunk data) {
        if (internallyClosed.get()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Response is already closed!");
        }
        if (data != null) {
            if (data.isFlushChunk()) {
                ctx.flush();
                return;
            }
            if (lengthOptimization) {
                if (firstChunk == null) {
                    firstChunk = data.isReadOnly() ? data : data.duplicate();      // cache first chunk
                    return;
                }
                initWriteResponse();
            }
            sendData(data);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Initiates write of response and sends first chunk if available.
     *
     * @return Future of response or first chunk.
     */
    private ChannelFuture initWriteResponse() {
        ChannelFuture cf = ctx.write(response)
                .addListener(future -> {
                    if (future.isSuccess()) {
                        headersFuture.complete(this);
                    }
                })
                .addListener(completeOnFailureListener("An exception occurred when writing headers."))
                .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE_ON_FAILURE);
        response = null;
        if (firstChunk != null) {
            cf = sendData(firstChunk);
            firstChunk = null;
        }
        lengthOptimization = false;
        return cf;
    }

    private ChannelFuture sendData(DataChunk data) {
            LOGGER.finest(() -> log("Sending data chunk"));

            DefaultHttpContent httpContent = new DefaultHttpContent(Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(data.data()));

            LOGGER.finest(() -> log("Sending data chunk on event loop thread."));

            ChannelFuture channelFuture;
            if (data.flush()) {
                channelFuture = ctx.writeAndFlush(httpContent);
            } else {
                channelFuture = ctx.write(httpContent);
            }

            return channelFuture
                    .addListener(future -> {
                        data.release();
                        LOGGER.finest(() -> log("Data chunk sent with result: " + future.isSuccess()));
                    })
                    .addListener(completeOnFailureListener("Failure when sending a content!"))
                    .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE_ON_FAILURE);
    }

    private String log(String s) {
        return "(reqID: " + requestId + ") " + s;
    }

    @Override
    public void onError(Throwable thr) {
        completeInternal(thr);
        if (subscription != null) {
            subscription.cancel();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onComplete() {
        completeInternal(null);
        if (subscription != null) {
            subscription.cancel();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public CompletionStage<BareResponse> whenCompleted() {
        return responseFuture;
    }

    @Override
    public CompletionStage<BareResponse> whenHeadersCompleted() {
        return headersFuture;
    }

    @Override
    public long requestId() {
        return requestId;
    }
}
