etcdmain: centralize exit handling

[housengw]

What

• rebase etcdmain: centralize exit handling #21081 onto main branch and run make fix

Why

• addresses Find and classify all the exit codes returned by etcdserver #21032

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: housengw
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[k8s-ci-robot]

Hi @housengw. Thanks for your PR.

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